As of today May 15, 2013, the Somali territory from Kismaio city to the Kenyan border is politically and administratively cut off from Somalia and is under the full occupation of the Kenyan Government (KG) in contravention of the international law, the UN Security Resolutions S/Res/2093 (2013) and S/Res/2102 (2013). The Kenyan Defense Forces (KDF) stationed in the area became occupying foreign forces and KG’s ultimate goal is to control if not to annex three border regions of Somalia-Gedo, Lower and Middle Jubba- for geostrategic objectives by creating what it called an Autonomous Jubbaland (Azania) State. English language is one of the official languages in that area.

Originally, Jubbaland area comprised Bay, Bakol, Gedo, Lower Jubba and Middle Jubba regions. The name is derived from the Jubba River that crosses parts of these regions. The territory is populated by diverse communities. The new Jubbaland excludes Bay and Bakol regions.

The Jubbaland (Azania) showdown between the Federal Government of Somalia (FGS) and the Kenya Government, supported by Ethiopia, China, French, Norway and Italian Multinational Oil Companies, traces back to the rejection of the Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) on fabricated maritime border dispute by the Transitional Federal Parliament of Somalia in August 2009. Immediately afterwards, Kenya Government undertook the Jubbaland (Azania) State Initiative in cahoots with former defense Minister of the TFG Professor Mohamed Abdi Gandhi. The outcome of this historic showdown is decisive for Somalia’s territorial integrity, sovereignty and political independence.

The Jubbaland initiative has four aims. First it facilitates the Kenyan control if not annexation of three border regions of Somalia for geostrategic interests. Second, it caters to the strategic interests of the foreign countries and the multinational corporations involved. It bolsters the short term greedy ambition of self-styled Somali predatory leaders under the emotional hype of clan land ownership. It helps Ethiopia which throttles the emergence of a Somali State that responds first and foremost to the needs and aspirations of the Somali population.

On the announcement of the creation of Jubbaland (Azania) State on March 30, 2011 recognized by KG as an autonomous state in addition to dozen others, the Star Tribune of Minneapolis-ST Paul Minnesota of April 3, 2011 reported that the Somali Information Minister Abdulkareem Jama said the new states are a bad idea. “Taking that path is a disaster,” he said. “The idea that every region and every group of people has to form their own government without the consultation of the national government will only create more differences among communities and encourage Somalis not to come together.” The Bloomberg BusinessWeek magazine reported on April 04, 2011 that “the so-called Jubbaland Initiative seeks to partition the regions of Gedo, Lower Juba and Middle Juba and their 1.3 million people from Somalia.”

The Jubbaland crisis is protracted to sink the UK led international efforts for rebuilding the sovereign State of Somalia within its territorial borders. Ethiopia and Kenya are spoilers determined to frustrate all attempts of the Federal Government to lead Somalia. Somalia’s future depends on which one of IGAD’s captivity or donors’ rescue partnership prevails.

A flurry of activities intended to make the Federal Government contested and irrelevant took place before, during and after the London Conference (LCS II). On April 27, due to pressure from Ethiopia PM, President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud travelled to Mombasa, Kenya to meet with President Uhuru Kenyatta for a second time in the less than three weeks.

The Joint Statement of Understanding issued at the conclusion of President Hassan’s visit outlined four principles that re-affirmed the IGAD’s sequester of Somalia and that constrained the sovereign exercise of authority of the Federal Government of Somalia (FGS). The Joint Statement did not offer Kenya’s unequivocal support of FGS position on establishing Jubbaland Administration. The Joint Statement created diversionary priorities like the issue of the return of refugees instead of accelerating the prosecution of war against Al Shabab for final defeat and supporting FGS to take full control of the security of at least the south central Somalia.

On May 3, 2013, in his speech at IGAD Summit, President Uhuru Kenyatta expressed undue exasperation about the lifting of arms embargo of the TFG, resurrected the old tenet of the centrality of IGAD in the internal affairs of Somalia. He went further stating that IGAD (Kenya and Ethiopia) remains the singular guarantor of peace and stability in the Horn of Africa. Finally, President Uhuru laid down his principles and priorities for the Somali security force reform. As member of AMISOM forces contributing countries, KG overreaches its role and undermines the sovereign supreme authority of the FGS.

While the London Conference was underway, a Kenyan delegation led by official of the Intelligence Service went Kismaio and held talks with local leaders to demonstrate support for the continuation of the Jubbaland controversy. These endless gambits show the determination of Kenya Government to force the Somali Government to accept the Jubbaland initiative against its national interest.

The Federal Government of Somalia is fragile, politically incapable to engage and sustain never ending maneuverings, permanent interference and subversions. It has declared its priorities to unify a deeply fragmented society and rebuild functional national and local institutions able to deliver the basic functions of State in cooperation with international donor community.

On May 12, 2013, a plane carrying Somali citizens was turned back in the air by the KDF controlling Kismaio. This blatant transgression of Kenya Government forces under AMISOM infringes the legitimacy of the Federal Government. Somali elders, elites and leaders from Jubbaland requested the FGS to break its silence and protest against the offending actions of the Kenyan forces.

On May 3, 2013, the 21st Extraordinary Summit of Heads of State and Government of IGAD issued a Communiqué that overruled the stabilization plan of the FGS and prescribed five intrusive policy principles to weaken FGS’s leadership, supreme authority and to encourage the continuation of internal tensions. Those five principles include IGAD centrality (interposition) role over Somalia’s internal affairs, fighting Al Shabab as primary focus, all inclusive consultative process with the people of Somalia and respect of the Provisional Constitution. The Somali government was directed to revise its stabilization plan in accordance with the manipulative five principles. IGAD appealed to the international community to base its support to Somalia on those five interfering principles.

IGAD decided to send a humiliation mission of the Federal Government to Kismaio. The Somali government will only be a member of the delegation. As IGAD wishes, this will open a Pandora box that will intensify the internal political fragmentation and conflict which will kill the international commitment to the statebuilding mission in Somalia. IGAD antagonizes the statebuilding mission in Somalia.

Three days before the successful LCS II, the PM of Ethiopia Hailemariam held talks with the President of Somaliland Ahmed Mohamud Silaanyo in Addis Ababa for the expansion of the cooperation in security, trade, education, capacity building and port services between parties. President Silaanyo welcomed the new robust relations with Ethiopia. There was no pitch or word of support for Somali unity for inclusion and statebuilding.

More amazingly, the Speech of PM Hailamariam of Ethiopia delivered at the LCS II reiterated the long standing phrase of protecting the primacy of IGAD over the political process of Somalia. Another ominous phrase was the insistence on stopping the proliferation of initiatives by non IGAD international actors. It seems that the Ethiopian leader is oblivious to the fundamental shift of the international approach towards Somalia. Ethiopia and Kenya should fall in line with the international community.

The people of Jubbaland are citizens of Somalia and have the right to pursue their legitimate interests within the framework of national unity under the Provisional Constitution and through their national representatives in the federal government and through their traditional leaders, civil society, intellectuals, religious, and business community leaders. The Kenya Government’s behavior is against Somalia’s harmony, political freedom and right for self-governance.

President Hassan Sh. Mohamud has alerted the participants of LCS II the danger of the imminent destruction and death that Somalia faces. He reminded them that the first period of growth is always the most hazardous when the most support and protection is needed. IGAD’s (Kenya and Ethiopia) fresh offensive for continual captivity and strangulation of Somalia must be confronted, stopped, and publicly repudiated before it is too late.

Mr. Mohamud M Uluso

mohamuduluso@gmail.com

01/04/1950 UN established in Somalia Trusteeship, under Italian administration. Known as “AFIS”
Mid 1950 USA opened liaison office as Consulate in Mogadishu.
Late 1950 Trusteeship administration granted drilling concessions to two American Oil Corporation: “Sinclair and Rogers”
From 1950-2013, except ambiguous Peace Corps agenda in 1960s and yellow maize dumping, plus millions of dollars channeled through the UN agencies, the few US funded useful projects (useful to the public) that ever USA undertook in Somalia are four:

Training Teachers Institute known LAFOLE in Afgooye
West wing extension of Kismayo Port
Water installation in North Mogadishu known Eel-Arfit Wells
Extension farms project in Afgooye……

Let us compare 60 years US Aid projects to Somalia and 30 years Chinese Aid projects to Somalia. Late Chou En-Lai, Prime Minister of Communist China visited Mogadishu early February 1963. It is worth to mention that, in less than two decades Chinese government built very important projects “useful to public” in Somalia, including:

Long tarmac road which links South and North
Fanole Irrigation Project
Banaadir Hospital
Stadium Mogadishu
National Theater
Institute for Political and Management studies
Hargeysa Water installation known as Geed-deebleh Wells and etc.

After 1977 war between Somalia and Ethiopia, Somali people has experienced unbearable chaotic turmoil situation. However, the USA who is today’s sole Hyper Power and de-facto world leader and dominant International leadership responded passively to rescue Somali people. Although the US Government has recently recognized the present Somali Government, we believe that more could have been done given the power of USA. A Persian proverb said “The King has many eyes and many ears”. Today USA is king of world and has many ears and many eyes, with its resources and powerful intelligence agencies; they never listen to Somali concern and grieve. It is narrated that in the 1970s in one School in remote village, a teacher asked his pupil “Which is nearer to Somalia, America or the Sun? The seven-year old pupil replied “of course the sun is nearer to us because we can see the sun but we never saw America”. Again the teacher asked, “Americans and Chinese who is sincere friend to Somali people? Another pupil replied: “my mother, who was ill, was treated humanely by a Chinese doctor and she recovered well”. There is no doubt that the US has neglected Somalia over many years and whatever Aid it gave to Somalia it provided through the UN Aid agencies. Despite US evaded duty toward Somalia, there is a deception from UN and its bureaucratic agencies as well as the so-called international NGOs. In the last quarter century, international mass-media nicknamed Somalia: a country of refugee, a country of famine, a country of terrorist, a country of piracy, a country of NGO, a country of bogus projects, a country of maladministration and corruption, failed state etc, etc. Moreover, the International Mafia hijacked Somali destine and they act as Good-Samaritans Beasts rescued domestic animals and act as follows metaphorically:

Can lion be caretaker of camels?
Can hyena be caretaker of cattle?
Can tiger be caretaker of gazelle?
Can fox be caretaker of lambs?
Can raccoon be caretaker of chicken?
Can cat be caretaker of rats?
Can termite be caretaker of woods?

The above questions and their ironic meaning is that the wild beast can take the role of guardians for the domestic animals, exactly in the same way as may reflect the real opposite meaning of the international community working today in Somalia as Aid Agencies on humanitarian grounds. From fire to frying pan is that workshop for FGM or AIDS awareness or contraception for family planning projects can touch the reality on the grounds in Somalia today? Can these projects be helpful to the current situation and change the lives of thousands of Somali vulnerable who have been enduring all forms of social agonies for the last 22 years of anarchy condition? Can FGM and contraceptive pills be the right project to address the appalling condition of Somali people today?

Currently, there are over 200 International Aid Agencies working in Somalia, but they are based in Nairobi residing five star hotels and luxurious riverside compounds. Except workshops of ridicules vain projects; is there any locality in Somalia whereby the activities of these Aid Agencies are visible? To add insult the injury, are they all working on Intelligence Network activities? Or to look it from the right angle, are they working on invisible developmental projects which can be useful to the next generation of neighbouring countries. To whom these Aid Agencies are accountable to? Who can unmask the real purpose behind screen? Does 10% of total aid from donors allocated to Somali people reach the field destination?

Unfortunately, Somalia has been indirectly governed by international Mafia over the last 22 years. Panhandle agencies working in Somalia as aid workers are part of the problem and are contributing negatively to the unending chronic dispute among Somali factions. They add fuel to the fire and promote sinister plan based on “divide and rule” in order to keep Somalia stateless forever.

Millions of dollars that the world had donated to Somalia, plus a number of national assets including ships and civilian aircraft as well as other valuable equipment were looted. We have been let down by the International Community and feel like being robbed by remorseless thieves. We desperately need sincere international audits for accountability. On 13th May 2013 UN-ICAO transferred part of aviation jurisdiction to Somali Government, but what about the past. Over the last 22 years, the UN formed agency “Civil Aviation Caretaker Authority for Somalia” based in Nairobi, has been handling the aviation service of Somalia, yearly they collect from Somalia airspace huge revenue estimated at millions US dollars as royalty, no one knows where these money ended up. Nowadays Western countries are very busy on how to uproot what the biased media branded as Somali Piracy but locally known as “fighters for survival” but the whole world is looking blind eye to what we call “airspace piracy” and foreign ships dumping waste toxic in our seas and illegal fishing as well as disaster desertification encouraged by the Arab Gulf Countries and charcoal exported to Middle East. “Col ku dhac oo tuugo ku ciidamisay = Robbery victims assisted by thieves”

An old wisdom has said that two strong men caught a Satan and they threatened him “we will kill you by choking” the Satan said “if you choke me I will produce worse than me. They choked him and then the Satan vomited disease. The second time they choked, he vomited drought. Third time they choked and then the Satan vomited poisonous thorny tree. Having realized their mistake they stopped choking the Satan. This anecdote teaches us a lesson: From 1977 the world has choked Somali people. The first effect from this choke was exodus of refugee and human trafficking. The second product was famine and drought. The third product was the work of fanatic elements boys of Al-Shabaab linked to al-Qaed. The fourth product was greedy guys of piracy. If Somalia is choked for a fifth time, the result will probably be Nuclear Bomb which can wipe out the entire human being, because there is plenty Uranium in Central Regions of Somalia.

During the last 60 years whilst Russia and China won Somali public confidence, conversely, the West never succeed to win the hearts and minds of Somali people, instead of capturing people’s will, they create unfriendly atmosphere. West’s sinister plan and negligent evaded international responsibility toward Somali debacle caused severe catastrophic plight to the Somali society. Thus many Somali youth easily accepted fundamentalism doctrine and hated Western ambiguous ill faith culture. Furthermore Somali historians “middle aged persons like me” still remember the golden days and how Eastern Bloc built our country honestly and the famous slogan “Allow Ruush ama Roob = Oh Allah either Russian or rain, as national anthem”. Still we remember developmental projects implemented by Russia and China and their generosity. A friend in need is friend indeed. Time is best teacher who distinguishes friend from foe. Premier Tayib Erdogan’s historic trip to famine camps in Somalia will remain forever in the memoirs of Somali people and it seems that Turkey will replace Russia and China. Centuries ago, Somali poet said:

Nin i xooray maalintaan xumaa amse xaasoobay,

Ku xilli’i maalintaan xoog iyo xoolo leeyahay

“Person who neglected me the hardship needy days

I won’t bother good days of wealthy and ability”

Without deviating further from the main point, unless US and West act now and set-up concrete tangible plan to rescue Somali people, the majority of Somali ethnic roughly (50%) wherever they are, will become religious fanatics and ardent supporter of Shabaab. Please revise Somali dossier in your office faithfully and stop double standard policy and hidden agenda, for instance the millions of dollars that you are spending in anti-piracy warships stationed in Indian Ocean, kindly allocate only 10% to Somali Coast Guard and local police force, in exchange for guarantee of no more piracy. Piracy is inland problem not high-seas problem. Similar the millions of dollars that you are spending on AMISOM forces stationed in Southern Somalia please allocate only 10% of the funds to Somali army; it is guaranteed that, within short period of time, they will restore the stability. The former golden days when Soviet Union trained Somali army, they were called the Best Black army or African Tigers. Regarding the current semi-disaster situation “drought and merciless so-called religious war” Somalia does not need stockpile of weapons in AMISOM hands and fruitless Federal system implementation, but desperately needs effective reconstruction and rehabilitation programmes. I know that this issue is raised many times by Somali scholars, but my aim is to remind the world that international community is watching carelessly the semi-genocide acts that are taking place in Southern Somalia for the last 22 years.

Samuel Huntington the author of “Clash of civilizations” wrote in his book “Haiti and Somalia” are phenomena without next kin. This is a valid assertion, based on truth because it seems that, Somali people are cursed seclude creature, not member of human family because in 19th century, the colonialists dismembered Somali people and divided into five portions and now another conspiracy is taking shape to divide Somali Republic into the so-called loose Federal mini-states of tribal-lands. Whatever happened in the past, please open now a new chapter and treat Somali people as human being and what you are cooking behind the curtain please put on the table, because 22 years of punishment is enough to Somali people, enough is enough. Sure all humiliation nicknames and anarchy will vanish forever and Somalia will stand its own feet soon.

Abdulkadir Osman “Aroma”

Shirwac55@hotmail.com

Madaxweynaha Soomaaliya ayaa sheegay in midnimada ummadda Soomaaliyeed ay tahay muqadas, loona baahanyahay si kasta oo lagu raadin karo in lagu raadiyo. Madaxweyanaha ayaa yiri “ Dowladda Federaalka Soomaaliya waxey diyaar u tahay inay si wadahadal iyo nabad ah ku raadiso sidii midnimada shacabka Soomaaliyeed loo heli lahaa, xitaa dowladdu waxey diyaar u tahay inay u tagto wadahadalka goob walba.”

Madaxweynaha Soomaaliya ayaa sidoo kale faahfaahin ka bixiyey hirgelinta nidaamka Federaalka, waxuuna yiri “ La iskuma khilaafsana Federaalka oo dastuurka baa qeexaya, dowladduna diyaar bey u tahay hirgelinta federaalka oo barnaamij cad cad bey dowladdu dejisay. Dowladdu diyaar bey u tahay inay dhageysato fikirka shacabka Soomaaliyeed ee ku wajahan sidii loo dhaqan gelin lahaa nidaamka Federaalka.”

Ugu danbeyntii Madaxweynaha ayaa ka hadlay arrimaha Jubbooyinka iyo shirka Kismaayo sheegeyna in Dowladdu ay 5tii bilood ee u danbeysey ay ku dadaaleysay sidii shirkaas Kismaayo u noqon lahaa mid la waafajiyo dastuurka, kana digay kala qeybsanaan iyo collaado hor leh oo shacabka Soomaaliyeed loo horseedo. Madaxweynaha waxuu yiri “ Dowladdu waxey aaminsantahay inay weli fursad jirto looga hortagi karo collaado hor leh oo ummadda loo horseedo. Dowladdu waxey baaq u direysaa shacabka deegaanka uguna baaqeysaa in Dowladda Federaalka ay kala shaqeeyaan sidii loo dhisi lahaa maamul goboleedyo u adeega danaha shacabka deegaanka iyadoo la raacayo dastuurka oo ay dowladdu hoggaanka leedahay bacdamaa ay heysato mandate ay dalka iyo shacabka ugu adeegto. Nidaam kasta oo dhismaya waa inuu noqdaa mid shacabka deegaanka ay u wada dhan yihiin lagana soo bilaabo hoos. Degmooyinka Jubbooyinka qaarkood ayaa weli ku jira gacanta kooxaha Al-Shabaab una baahan dadka deegaankaas in laga dulqaado oo ay helaan amni iyo kala danbeyn si ay uga qeyb qaataan dhismaha dalka iyo ka talinta aayaha mustaqbalkooda.” Madaxweynaha ayaa codsaday in talada dhulka la dhigo oo laga fogaado wax kasta oo keeni karo collaad iyo dagaal shacabka dhexdooda ah.

Madaxweynaha oo maanta xariga ka jaray Iskuul cusub oo ay hay’adda IHH ee Turkiga iyo hay’ada ZamZam wada hirgeliyeen kaasoo u noqonay hoy 400 agoon Soomaaliyeed ah isla markaana ay wax ku baran karaan 1500 arday Soomaaliyeed, ayaa u mahadceliyey dowladda Turkiga, hay’addaha IHH iyo Zamzam kana codsaday ganacsatada, qurbojoogta iyo shacabka Soomaaliyeed inay la shaqeeyaan dowladda si shacabka loo gaarsiiyo adeegyada bulshada sida waxbarashada, caafimaadka iyo dhammaan adeegyada bulshada. Madaxweynahu waxuu yiri “ Carruurteenu waa mustaqbalka dalka waana inaan u wada istaagnaa oo aan ka wada shaqeynaa sidii waxbarasha ay u heli lahaayeen dhammaan carruurta Soomaaliyeed.”

dalka@dalkanews.com

Marka la eego shaqsiyaadka hor boodaya mooshinkan dhicisoobay ayaa dhamaantood waxa ay yihiin xildhibaano lagu xusay dhamaan warbixinadii Q/midoobay, gaar ahaana UN Somalia Monitoring Group iyo urururo kale oo caalami ah sida International Crisis Group ICG taasoo ku tilmaantay inay yihiin Qas-wadayaal (Spoilers). Lana xanibi doono dhaq dhaqaaqooda iyo weliba hantidooda.

Kooxahan ayaa waxaa hor boodaya xubno horay uga tirsanaan jiray dawladdihii KMG ahaa, kuwaasi oo ku caanbaxay Musuq maamusuqa dhaqaale iyo mid siyaasadeed, hurinta colaadaha sokeeye iyo khal khalgelinta Nidaam kasta oo ka hirgala Soomaaliya.

Kooxahan ayaa dabagal la sameeyey waxaa lagu ogaaday inuu horboodayo Guddoomiyihii hore ee Baarlamaanka Xildhibaan Shariif Xasan Sheekh Aadan, iyo kal kaalisadiisa Fawsiya Maxamed Sheekh, kuwaas oo boorka isku qarinaya isla markaana ku beer laxawsanaya xildhibaanada beesha Dilgil iyo Mirifle xaqiina ayaa maqan, waana inaad kacdoon sameysaan.

Shariif Xasan oo dadka badankiis u yaqaanaan (Shariif Sakiin) ayaa ku caanbaxay Musuq maasuqa hantida shacabka, waxaana Q/midoobay ay ku eedeysay inuu lunsaday Malaayiin Dollarka Mareykanka ah oo gargaar ahaan loo siiyay dawladda Soomaaliyeed, intii uu hayay xilka Wasiirka Maaliyadda ee dawladdii Cumar C/rashiid, iyo intii uu ahaa Guddoomiyaha Baarlaamanka waana ruuxa kali ah ee magaciisu safka hore kaga yaalo warbixin kasta oo laga qoro musuqmaasuqa sidoo kalana waxaa lugu tilmaamaa inuu yahay Siyaasi aan waligiis laga maqal lagana dareemin dhibaatada amni xumo ee soo ragaadisay dalkeena.

Kalkaaliso Xildhibaanad Fawsiya, waxay caan ku tahay daba orodka Shariif Sakiin, waana gacan yaraha Shariif Sakiin, waxayna warbixintii Q/midoobay ku eedeysay inay ka shaqeyso falalka is xambaarka ah iyo tahriibinta (Human Trafficking) dumar iyo dhalin yaro badan oo Soomaaliyeed, kuwaasoo ay ka iibsato Viisooyin ay ku soo qaado qaab safaro siyaasadeed, caafimaad iyo waxbarasho, waana Qaswadayaasha magacyadooda sida weyn loogu xusay warbixintii UN Somalia Monitoring Group iminkana ku howlan mooshinka dhicisoobay ee lagu doonayo in lagu damiyo iftiinka iyo rajada shacabka ee Xukuumada Raysal wasaare Saacid.

Dadka kale, ee la ogaaday inay ku lugleeyihiin mooshinka dhicisoobay ee ka dhanka ah Xukuumada Raysal wasaare Cabdi Faarax Shirdoon Saacid ayaa waxaa ka mid ah Xildhibaan Cabdirasaaq Xasan Cusmaan (Jurille), kaasoo aan u baahneyn falanqeyn dheeraad ah, maadaama ay Soomaalidu wada garaneyso uuna caan ku yahay wax isdabo marinta siyaasada labo wajiilenimada iyo hurinta colaadaha, horayna u boobay hanti fara badan oo dalku lahaa, gaar ahaana lacagtii mashruucii caanka ahaa ee FAO, kaasoo loogu talagalay horumarinta adeega bulshada Soomaaliya iyo ku shubistii suntan ee lugu aasay badda Soomaaliya.

Jurille ayaa sidoo kale, ku caanbaxay duminta dawladdaha iyo laaluush qaatenimada, waxaana lagu xasuustaa kaalintii uu ku lahaa maja xaabintii dawladdii marxuum Cabdullaahi Yuusuf Axmed, wuxuuna aad ugu dadaalaa in dalka aysan dawlad ka dhalan, maadaama uu ka cabsanayo in maxkamad lagu soo taago boobkii hantida Qaranka.

Ninka ugu dambeeya, waa Xasan Abshir Faarax oo mar Raysal wasaare ka soo noqday dawladdii Carte ee uu madaxweynaha ka ahaa Dr. C/qaasim Salaad Xassan , ninkani wuxuu caan ku yahay siyaasada nooca munaafaqeynta iyo labo wajiilanimada ku dhisan iska hor keenka qabaa’ilada Soomaaliyeed iyo hurinta colaadaha sokeeye, waxaana lagu xasuustaa kaalintii uu ku lahaa hurinta dagaalkii weynaa ee magaalada Muqdisho ka qarxay 1992-dii, kaasoo loogu magac daray dagaalkii Afar biloodlaha, waxaana dagaaladaasi ku naf waayay kumanaan dad rayid ah.

Ninkani, isagu wuxuu aad u jecelyahay inuu ka hor yimaado xukuumad kasta oo dalka ka dhalata, waana nin uu madax maray hanka Kursi doonimada ah, isaga oo ku doonaya si kasta oo uu ku heli karo kursiga Raysal wasaaraha, waana sababta uu ku diidan yahay Xukuumada Raysal wasaare Saacid.

Xasan Abshir waayihii ugu dambeeyey wuxuu aad ugu howlanaa siyaasada qariban ee Jubbooyinka, wuxuuna qeyb ka ahaa kala fogeynta dawladda iyo horjoogayaasha Jubbooyinka, iyadoo aaqirkii dhashay maamulo is barbar yaac ah oo sii fogeeyey rajada ummadda Soomaaliyeed.

Gabagabadii, aqristayaasha sharafta leh, waxaan u balan qaadeynaa inaan u soo gudbin doono warbixno cad cad kuwaasoo cadeyn u ah, talaabooyinka qaloocan ee ay qaadayaan kooxahaan qaswadayaasha ah kuna caanbaxay musuq maasuqa, laaluushka iyo khal khalgelinta horumarka dalka.

Leyla Xuseen Cilmi

Leylaxusen114@gmail.com

Wasiirka duulista iyo hawada ee maamulka Somaliland, Maxamuud Xaashi Cabdi ayaa sheegay in UNDP ay ku xad-gudubtay heshiis ay dowladda Soomaaliya iyo Somaliland la saxiixatay bishii May ee sanadkii 2011, kaas oo dhigayay in maamulka hawada Soomaaliya loo dhiibo gacan saddexaad oo si siman daqliga ka soo xarooda ugu qaybiso Soomaalida.

Wasiirka dulista iyo hawada Somaliland, waxa uu sheegay in heshiiska Qaramada Midoobay ay la gashay dowladda Soomaaliya uu meel ka dhac ku yahay Somaliland.

Maxamuud Xaashi Cabdi waxa uu sheegay in aanay marnaba Somaliland raalli ka noqoneyn in hawadeeda laga maamulo Muqdisho, sida uu hadalka u dhigay.

Wasiirka ayaa ku dhawaaqay in maamulkiisa uu go’aansaday in berri laga billaabo la hakiyo duullimaadyada UN-ka ee deegaannada Somaliland, taas oo ka dhigan jawaabta maamulka uu ka bixinayo wareejinta maamulka hawada Soomaaliya ee dowladda federaal-ka.

Qaramada Midoobay ayaa Isniintii dowladda Soomaaliya ku wareejisay koontaroolka hawada oo ay tan iyo bur-burkii dowladda dhexe gacanta ku haysay, waxaana dhowaan la filayaa in xafiiskii duulista iyo saadaasha hawada ee Soomaaliya uu Muqdisho rasmi uga howlbillaabo.

dalka@dalkanews.com

The G8 foreign ministers expressed their determination to provide high level political support to the process of Somalia’s re-engagement with the International Financial Institutions (IFI) – the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the World Bank (WB), and the African Development Bank (AfDB) – institutions created to promote macroeconomic cooperation, development and stability with sound fiscal, monetary and financial policies at national and international levels. Given the stringent policies and procedures of the IFI with regard to countries in default like Somalia, the ministers strongly urged the Federal Government of Somalia (FGS) to demonstrate particular political commitment to the public financial management by strengthening transparency and accountability as an essential condition for IFI re-engagement.

Specifically on the issue of national integration, the G8 foreign ministers underscored the importance of a comprehensive political settlement in Somalia, including clarity on relations between central and regional authorities. This calls attention to the flawed and opposing working relationship between center and periphery. Regions must be integrated into the national macroeconomic framework, security and justice system. The UNDP’s operational division of Somalia into South Central, Puntland and Somaliland has to end.

The G8 decisions are consistent with the new international vision and strategy outlined in the New Deal based on the concept of comprehensive approach centered on local ownership. The goal is to end the statelessness, fragmentation and fragility condition of the countries in conflicts by empowering the local citizens to shape their destiny peacefully, collectively, and democratically.

The G8 actions complement the list of actions either already taken or under finalization by the IC. Those actions include the UN Mini Summit that re-defined the role of the IC in Somalia, the US diplomatic recognition of the FGS, the lifting of arms embargo, the review of AMISOM operation, the new UN Integrated mission for Somalia, the intense engagement of Somali political factions and entities for final political compromise, and the upcoming conferences in London, Brussels and Yokohama.

On May 7, the British Government and the FGS will co-chair the first international conference on Somalia2, which will endorse the immediate Somali priorities of rebuilding national institutions for security forces-army, police, and coastguard-, justice, public financial management and deepening political cohesion. Ninth century Muslim scholar, Imam Ibn Muhammad Al Qutaybah Ad-Dinawaree said on government, “There can be no government without an army, No army without money, No money without prosperity, And no prosperity without justice and good administration.” The statement mirrors the priorities expected from London Conference. One potential outcome could be the transformation of the six pillars of President Hassan Sh Mohamud into two years of IFI supported transitional program with benchmark tasks and price tag of one billion dollars.

Somalia will be high on the agenda of the 5th Tokyo International Development Conference on Africa (TIDCA) to be held in Yokohama, Japan from 1 to 3 June 2013. UK as chair of G8 will present the case of Somalia to the conference for mobilizing political and diplomatic support for socio economic assistance with particular emphasis on the humanitarian dimension. Japan, the African Union, the WB, the UNDP and the UN Office of the Special Advisor on Africa are co-organizers of the conference.

In September, the EU and the FGS will co-chair another conference in Brussels, Belgium. That conference will endorse the medium term compact between Somalia and the IC as a blueprint for the reconstruction of Somalia.

On April 3, 2013 the AfDB Board of Directors approved Somalia Country’s Brief 2013-2015. With this approval, Somalia will be able to benefit from fragile states facility (TSF), African Water Facility (AWF) and Special Relief Facility (SRF) administered by AfDB. Since 2010, Somalia received about 3.7 million dollars from AfDB.

On April 12, 2013, IMF recognized the FGS, which paves the way for direct cooperation. WB has had an engagement program with Somalia since the preparation of the Joint Needs Assessment (JNA) in 2007 which produced Somalia Reconstruction and Development Program (RDP) of five years period with the total outlay of 2.2 billion dollars. Somalia owes about 600 million dollars of arrears to the IMF and the WB out of the outstanding debt of US$ 3.656 billion. The US government intends to help Somalia for clearing the arrears.

IFIs play a catalyst role for donors’ financial support, debt relief under highly indebted poor countries (HIPC) and Multilateral Debt Relief Initiative (MDRI), and foreign investment. Donors’ priority tends to be first political reform, technical assistance and control of domestic financial resources before significant financial aid. Therefore, the process of re-engagement with IFI and IC will be arduous and complex and requires dedication, perseverance and professional and political skills. FGS must be adequately prepared on mapping problems and policy priorities, on commitment and capability for the re-engagement with the IC and IFI.

The role of Economic recovery in peacebuilding and statebuilding

The title of the book of Dr. Ali Isse Abdi, former IMF official, “Somalia: Crisis in Economic and Financial Management: The Root Cause of the State Collapse and the Principal Challenge to National Recovery”, summarizes the main source of the past and present troubles of Somalia.

At the end of 1970s, Somalia endured severe economic downturn due to high inflation and unemployment caused by widespread macroeconomic mismanagement, political repression, corruption, wars and draughts. Black market economy, capital flight, tax evasion, Franco Valuta system (import of commodities without foreign exchange payment through the banking system), currency substitution (dollarization) and public service desertion (brain drain) flourished and changed the structure of the Somali economy.

The Somali currency (the Somali Shilling) begun to lose progressively its three functions of unit of account, medium of exchange and store of value. Thus, the ruling regime entered negotiations with IMF and WB for economic and financial support and adopted successive Structural Adjustment Programs (SAP).

While Somalia’s performance of SAP was presented as a success story, this success did not last long because selfish politicians and technocrats campaigned for the program’s interruption. The regime refused to implement trade liberation, financial and public enterprise reforms that have been the major source of economic deterioration. The Central Bank of Somalia (CBS) was unable to resist the financing of rampant government budget deficit.

The interruption of IMF/WB program followed by massive credit creation utilized through cashier checks precipitated economic and financial catastrophe that led to the collapse of the Commercial Bank of Somalia. This financial calamity combined with general discontent fuelled the uprising that brought down the entire Somali state in 1991. That economic deterioration continues as of today. The lack of credible macro-economic data on GDP and GNP, debt to GDP ratios, foreign currency reserve, consumer price index, inflation rate, unemployment, money supply, human development indicators and accountable institutions will be one of the major obstacles to economic recovery. It is not wrong to assume that the economic and social indicators produced by donors after 1991 are not capturing in full the depth of the socio-economic disaster that afflicted Somalia for more than 35 years.

The recent appreciation of the value of the 1,000 note Somali Shilling (So Sh) vis-à-vis the dollar throughout Somalia has thrown the FGS and regional authorities into confusion because both levels of government were not prepared for how to deal with this macroeconomic shock. All necessary informational, political and institutional/administrative conditions for macroeconomic management are yet to be established.

The supply of fake notes fueled continuous spiral of the Somali exchange rate from So Sh. 15,000 in 2006 to So Sh. 35,000 in 2008 before it came down to So Sh. 19,800 in 2013. Contrary to the economic theory explanations, both the appreciation and depreciation of the Somali exchange rate have had devastating effects on the large segment of the poor population because the consumer goods, services and assets are priced in US dollar.

The formulation and implementation of macroeconomic policies requires effective leadership, trained staff, aggregate data collection, analysis, monitoring and evaluation. The Ministry of finance, the CBS, the General Accountant, and General Auditor share the responsibilities of the macroeconomic financial management functions. The integrity and capability of those institutions under the leadership and oversight of the president, prime minister, and the federal parliament is critical for laying the basic foundation of the statebuilding in Somalia.

National integration and close cooperation with the IFI will expedite the painstaking process of the return to the use of domestic currency as the legal tender for the restoration of financial system of Somalia. As part of its institutional responsibilities, the CBS must endeavor to establish first its internal functional structure to face the challenges of establishing an efficient and secure national payment system which is crucial to the economic recovery and development. Incidentally, it would be appropriate that the FGS considers the destruction of the “N” Banknote held by De La Rue, a longtime client of the CBS. De La Rue deserves credit for not using corrupt tactics to transfer the currency stock in its warehouses to illegitimate local warlords or entities in order to get back its outstanding debt.

Finally, the efforts of the FGS with regard to macroeconomic management policies cannot be effective unless the country is hierarchically organized. The circular flows of the economy presuppose formation of markets, freedom of movement, reliable national public administration and system of justice in all corners of Somalia. The time span Somalia will graduate from the failed/fragile situation will depend on the determination of the Somali people for unity, cooperation and common agenda for the ultimate purpose of national economic prosperity.

Mr. Mohamud M Uluso

mohamuduluso@gmail.com

1 Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Russia, United Kingdom, United States, plus the European Union

2 2012 London Conference on Somalia served to dissolve the International Contact Group and approve UK Lead role.

dalka@dalkanews.com

Taliyaha ciidamada booliiska degmada Afgooye ayaa warbaahinta u sheegay in maalintii shalay lagu dillay labo askari boosteejada laga raro gadiidka aada dhinaca degmada Awdheegle ee isla gobollka Shabeellaha hoose, kadib markii ay weerareen kooxo bastoolado ku hubeysnaa.

Taliyaasha booliska iyo nabadsugida ayaa sheegay inay ku raad-joogaan kooxihii ka dambeeyay, iyagoo xusay inay ahaayeen kooxo ka yimid deegaan 30-KM u jira Afgooye, waxaana ay intaa ku dareen inay ka tirsanaayeen haraadigii Al-Shabaab.

Degmada Afgooye ee gobollka Shabeellaha hoose waxaa gacanta ku haya oo maamula ciidamada dowladda Soomaaliya iyo AMISOM waxaana inta badan ka dhaca falal amaanka ka dhan  ah oo ay geystaan kooxo hubeysan iyo ciidamada dowladda.

Dilalkan ayaa noqonaya kii u horeeyay ee si gaadmo ah mar kaliya labo askari loogu geysto degmada Afgooye, halkaasoo horay dilal gaar gaar ah uga dhaceen iyo qaraxyo

War saxaafadeedkaasi ayaa qodobadii laga soo saaray waxa kamid ahaa in Uruka goboleedka IGAD uu ugu baaqayo in Dowladda ay dadajiso maamul u sameynta gobolada wadanka Soomaalia.

War saxafadedka ayaa intasi waxa lagu daray in xukuumada sidookale ay ka hirgaliso goobaha laga saaray dagalamayasha Al-Shabaab xarumo ay leeyihiin laamaha amaanka iyo kuwa nabad sugida Soomaalia.

IGAD waxa ay ugu baaqday xukuumada soo diyaarinta dalab ku aadan sidii Soomaalia looga qaadi lahaa xayiraada hubka ee saaran

Warka qoraalka ah ayaa shaaca looga qaaday in dhinacyada ay quseeyaan arimaha Soomaalia ay dar dar galinayaan iskaashiga ay la sameynayaan dawladda Soomalia iyo sidookale ka qeyb qaadashada dib u dhiska Wadanka Soomnaalia

Igad warsaxafdedkoodi waxa ay ku canbaareyen cid walbo oo ka soo horjeeda dib u dhiska somalia.

Dowladda Soomaaliya oo ah Federaal ayaa waxaa laga sugayaa maamul u sameynta gobolada jubooyinka, waxaana arintaani ay imaaneysaa iyadoo caqabada ugu weyn ee maamul u sameynta ay ka taagan tahay Jubooyinka.